This master's thesis analyzes the figure of Frederick II of Swabia in relation to the cities of southern Italy that served as Frederick's residence. In particular, Capua emerges as the "threshold" of the Kingdom and a privileged laboratory of Swabian power: home to the Assizes, the monumental gate, and significant legislative measures, it became a crossroads of tensions and dialogue between the Papacy and the Empire. At the same time, the Constitutions of Melfi (1231) marked the pinnacle of Frederick's legislative project, while the foundation of the Studium of Naples (1224) marked the birth of the first European state university, destined to train a new class of jurists and officials loyal to the crown. Furthermore, through the study of sources and historiography, it is shown how Frederick combined Norman heritage, Arab influences, and Roman models to build a centralized monarchy capable of combining political pragmatism and ideological language. The research also focuses on the diplomatic crusade of 1228–1229 and the Peace of Saint Germanus (1230), episodes emblematic of tensions with the Church but also of the emperor's extraordinary political prowess. Different historiographical interpretations, from the symbolic value identified by Kantorowicz to the political realism of Abulafia, are compared to convey the complexity of a figure suspended between myth and reality. Finally, the study highlights the identity dimension that links Capua to the story of Frederick II, intertwining personal memory and universal history. The thesis reconstructs Frederick II's political experience and reflects on the relationship between place, power, and identity, demonstrating how the legacy of Frederick II remains a lively field of inquiry today.
Questa Tesi magistrale analizza la figura di Federico II di Svevia in rapporto con le città federiciane del sud Italia. In modo particolare, Capua emerge come “soglia” del Regno e laboratorio privilegiato del potere svevo: sede delle Assise, della Porta monumentale e di rilevanti provvedimenti normativi, essa divenne crocevia di tensioni e dialoghi fra Papato e Impero. In parallelo, le Costituzioni di Melfi (1231) segnarono l’apice del progetto legislativo federiciano, mentre la fondazione dello Studium di Napoli (1224) sancì la nascita della prima università statale europea, destinata a formare un nuovo ceto di giuristi e funzionari leali alla corona. Inoltre attraverso lo studio delle fonti e della storiografia, si mostra come Federico seppe fondere eredità normanne, influssi arabi e modelli romani per costruire una monarchia centralizzata, capace di coniugare pragmatismo politico e linguaggi ideologici. La ricerca si sofferma in aggiunta sulla crociata diplomatica del 1228–1229 e sulla pace di San Germano (1230), episodi emblematici delle tensioni con la Chiesa ma anche della straordinaria abilità politica dell’imperatore. Le diverse letture storiografiche, dal valore simbolico individuato da Kantorowicz al realismo politico di Abulafia, vengono messe a confronto per restituire la complessità di una figura sospesa tra mito e realtà. Infine, lo studio sottolinea la dimensione identitaria che lega Capua alla vicenda federiciana, intrecciando memoria personale e storia universale. La tesi ricostruisce l’esperienza politica di Federico II e riflette sul rapporto tra luoghi, potere e identità, mostrando come l’eredità federiciana resti ancora oggi un terreno vivo di interrogazione.
Federico II e il Mezzogiorno: città, istituzioni e potere imperiale
TRISOLINO, FRANCESCA
2024/2025
Abstract
This master's thesis analyzes the figure of Frederick II of Swabia in relation to the cities of southern Italy that served as Frederick's residence. In particular, Capua emerges as the "threshold" of the Kingdom and a privileged laboratory of Swabian power: home to the Assizes, the monumental gate, and significant legislative measures, it became a crossroads of tensions and dialogue between the Papacy and the Empire. At the same time, the Constitutions of Melfi (1231) marked the pinnacle of Frederick's legislative project, while the foundation of the Studium of Naples (1224) marked the birth of the first European state university, destined to train a new class of jurists and officials loyal to the crown. Furthermore, through the study of sources and historiography, it is shown how Frederick combined Norman heritage, Arab influences, and Roman models to build a centralized monarchy capable of combining political pragmatism and ideological language. The research also focuses on the diplomatic crusade of 1228–1229 and the Peace of Saint Germanus (1230), episodes emblematic of tensions with the Church but also of the emperor's extraordinary political prowess. Different historiographical interpretations, from the symbolic value identified by Kantorowicz to the political realism of Abulafia, are compared to convey the complexity of a figure suspended between myth and reality. Finally, the study highlights the identity dimension that links Capua to the story of Frederick II, intertwining personal memory and universal history. The thesis reconstructs Frederick II's political experience and reflects on the relationship between place, power, and identity, demonstrating how the legacy of Frederick II remains a lively field of inquiry today.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14251/3179