This thesis analyzes the impact of behavioral biases on investment decisions, with a particular focus on Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs). The research, of a theoretical and descriptive nature, lies within the field of behavioral finance — a discipline that combines economics and psychology to explain how real investors deviate from the assumptions of rationality that characterize traditional financial theory. The first part presents the theoretical framework, examining the main academic contributions that have highlighted the most recurrent cognitive and emotional deviations in the decision-making process. Among the biases discussed are overconfidence, loss aversion, the disposition effect, herd behavior, and anchoring. These distortions significantly affect investors’ perception of risk, timing of operations, and portfolio management, often leading to suboptimal outcomes. The second part focuses on the relationship between behavioral biases and long-term investment choices, showing how emotions and heuristics can compromise strategic consistency and economic rationality. In this context, Systematic Investment Plans are analyzed as a potentially effective tool to mitigate the effects of cognitive and emotional biases. SIPs allow investors to periodically invest fixed amounts of money, encouraging financial discipline, time diversification, and a reduction in the risk associated with market timing. The analysis shows that a systematic investment approach can help counteract irrational behaviors by reducing the emotional impact on buy and sell decisions. Moreover, the automatic and regular nature of SIPs promotes a long-term perspective consistent with the principles of sound wealth planning and gradual capital accumulation. In conclusion, the thesis highlights the importance of increasing awareness of the psychological mechanisms that influence financial decisions and of promoting investment tools that help mitigate behavioral distortions. Systematic Investment Plans emerge as a simple yet effective solution to improve the quality of investment decisions, fostering more rational, disciplined, and long-term–oriented financial behavior.
La presente tesi analizza l’impatto dei bias comportamentali sulle decisioni d’investimento, con particolare riferimento ai Piani di Accumulo Capitale (PAC). L’elaborato, di natura compilativa, si inserisce nell’ambito della finanza comportamentale, disciplina che integra economia e psicologia per comprendere come gli investitori reali si discostino dalle ipotesi di razionalità assunte dalla teoria finanziaria tradizionale. Nella prima parte viene presentato il quadro teorico di riferimento, con un’analisi dei principali contributi accademici che hanno evidenziato le deviazioni cognitive ed emotive più ricorrenti nel processo decisionale degli investitori. Tra i bias approfonditi figurano l’eccesso di fiducia, l’avversione alle perdite, l’effetto disposizione, il comportamento gregario e l’ancoraggio. Tali distorsioni influenzano la percezione del rischio, la tempistica delle operazioni e la gestione complessiva del portafoglio, determinando spesso risultati subottimali. La seconda parte si concentra sul legame tra bias comportamentali e scelte di investimento a lungo termine, evidenziando come le emozioni e le euristiche possano compromettere la coerenza strategica e la razionalità economica. In questo contesto, i Piani di Accumulo Capitale vengono analizzati come strumento potenzialmente efficace nel mitigare gli effetti dei bias cognitivi ed emotivi. Il PAC, infatti, consente di investire periodicamente somme prefissate, favorendo la disciplina finanziaria, la diversificazione temporale e la riduzione del rischio legato al market timing. L’analisi mostra come un approccio di investimento sistematico possa contribuire a contrastare i comportamenti irrazionali degli investitori, riducendo l’impatto delle emozioni sulle decisioni di acquisto e vendita. Inoltre, la natura automatica e regolare del PAC incoraggia una visione di lungo periodo, coerente con i principi di una corretta pianificazione patrimoniale e con gli obiettivi di accumulazione progressiva della ricchezza. In conclusione, la tesi sottolinea l’importanza di una maggiore consapevolezza dei meccanismi psicologici che influenzano le decisioni finanziarie e la necessità di promuovere strumenti d’investimento che aiutino a mitigare le distorsioni comportamentali. I Piani di Accumulo Capitale emergono, in tale prospettiva, come una soluzione semplice ma efficace per migliorare la qualità delle decisioni d’investimento, promuovendo un comportamento più razionale, disciplinato e orientato al lungo termine.
Bias comportamentali e decisioni d'investimento: il caso dei Piani di Accumulo Capitale (PAC)
PICCOLO, DAVIDE
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the impact of behavioral biases on investment decisions, with a particular focus on Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs). The research, of a theoretical and descriptive nature, lies within the field of behavioral finance — a discipline that combines economics and psychology to explain how real investors deviate from the assumptions of rationality that characterize traditional financial theory. The first part presents the theoretical framework, examining the main academic contributions that have highlighted the most recurrent cognitive and emotional deviations in the decision-making process. Among the biases discussed are overconfidence, loss aversion, the disposition effect, herd behavior, and anchoring. These distortions significantly affect investors’ perception of risk, timing of operations, and portfolio management, often leading to suboptimal outcomes. The second part focuses on the relationship between behavioral biases and long-term investment choices, showing how emotions and heuristics can compromise strategic consistency and economic rationality. In this context, Systematic Investment Plans are analyzed as a potentially effective tool to mitigate the effects of cognitive and emotional biases. SIPs allow investors to periodically invest fixed amounts of money, encouraging financial discipline, time diversification, and a reduction in the risk associated with market timing. The analysis shows that a systematic investment approach can help counteract irrational behaviors by reducing the emotional impact on buy and sell decisions. Moreover, the automatic and regular nature of SIPs promotes a long-term perspective consistent with the principles of sound wealth planning and gradual capital accumulation. In conclusion, the thesis highlights the importance of increasing awareness of the psychological mechanisms that influence financial decisions and of promoting investment tools that help mitigate behavioral distortions. Systematic Investment Plans emerge as a simple yet effective solution to improve the quality of investment decisions, fostering more rational, disciplined, and long-term–oriented financial behavior.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14251/4035