DESIGN OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM IN AN AIRPORT AREA

The global energy landscape is undergoing a radical transformation, driven by the urgency of climate change and the need for energy independence. In this context, the aviation sector and industrial manufacturing are seeking innovative synergies to achieve decarbonization. This thesis provides an extensive detailed analysis, made in collaboration with the company Restart Engineering, of a 6 MW photovoltaic (PV) system at Foligno Airport, serving as a strategic energy source for the neighboring Officine Meccaniche Aeronautiche (OMA) industry. The research covers the entire project development, starting from a rigorous technical design phase. This phase involved the selection of high-efficiency bifacial monocrystalline silicon modules and the optimization of the electrical layout, including the configuration of transformation stations and the stringing strategy to maximize yield while minimizing shaded areas on the aeronautical grounds. A central contribution of this research is the Economic and Financial Plan (PEF) developed to validate the project's bankability. The PEF evaluates the high capital expenditure against the long-term operational savings for OMA, demonstrating how a direct physical connection allows the industry to avoid grid charges and market volatility, ensuring a highly competitive Internal Rate of Return (IRR) for an investor like Edison. A significant portion of the study is dedicated to navigating the complex Italian regulatory landscape. The thesis details the transition between different authorization procedures such as the Single Authorization (AU), the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and the Evaluation of Suitable Areas. It specifically addresses the rigorous aeronautical constraints imposed by ENAC, including glint and glare assessments to ensure pilot safety and the respect of obstacle limitation surfaces. Furthermore, the work introduces an innovative predictive monitoring system. By integrating temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter sensors via ESP32, the system applies the Beer-Lambert law to determine air transmittance and calculates the expected system power including temperature and relative humidity losses. This allows for a real-time comparison between the expected power curve, calculated during the technical design, and the actual performance, enabling targeted cleaning interventions to prevent soiling-related efficiency losses. This holistic approach ensures that the 6 MW plant remains at peak performance throughout its operational life.